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Figure 9 illustrates the kind of support provided by youth-led organisations based on the survey findings. The COVID-19 pandemic is disrupting every aspect of people's lives in an unprecedented manner. In this regard, a survey was conducted on a large group of adolescents in Italy. The findings of the OECD policy brief on disinformation about COVID-19 reaffirm these concerns (OECD, 2020[26]). The OECD Job Quality Framework measures and assesses the quality of jobs based on three objectives: earnings quality, labour market security, quality of the working environment. [46] The Treasury, N. (2019), “Our living standards framework”, https://treasury.govt.nz/information-and-services/nz-economy/higher-living-standards/our-living-standards-framework. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 . By Associated Press | … "Non-OECD" refers to the average response across 29 respondents based in non-OECD countries. CCMH data, representing nearly 50,000 treatment-seeking students at 140+ institutions, suggests that the impact of COVID-19 on college students' mental health is considerably more nuanced than generally reported. The “Youth & Smart Confinement” (European Association for Local Democracy, 2020[55]) initiative in Morocco has organised regular webinars on social media to discuss topics such as “Art & Confinement” and “What are the best uses of digital tools” to keep youth socially engaged. The neuroscience of learning: Relevance and prospects in the time of COVID-19, IBE Learning Series, Zoom, 4 December 2020 Co-organized by the International Bureau of Education (IBE-UNESCO) and the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), this event seeks to contribute to closing the gap between scientific knowledge on learning and its application to education policies This study provides the first estimates of the early-stage effects of COVID-19 on small business owners from April 2020 CPS microdata. This provides a large window of opportunity for policymakers to integrate a stronger focus on young people and future generations in government action across sectors. [6] WHO (2020), Statement – Older people are at highest risk from COVID-19, but all must act to prevent community spread, http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/statements/statement-older-people-are-at-highest-risk-from-covid-19,-but-all-must-act-to-prevent-community-spread. Internationally, and in terms of relations between nation states, transnational solidarity has become at once a victim of COVID-19 and a key component in the global collective response strategy. In the current context, people’s trust in government as well as their confidence in the government’s ability to handle and recover from the outbreak are particularly volatile. [75] The Economist (2020), What would eynes do? CDC study finds two masks are better than one vs. COVID-19 . Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 Updated January 8, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46270 . (2020), Psychological Distress and Loneliness Reported by US Adults in 2018 and April 2020, http://doi:10.1001/jama.2020.9740. The use of this work, whether digital or print, is governed by the Terms and Conditions to be found at http://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions. Trust has remained stable for 36% of them, whereas it has decreased for 21%. "Total" refers to the average response of all 90 respondents: these include respondents from OECD and non-OECD countries, as well as 9 international youth organisations, which are not separately shown in this figure. COVID-19 is an emerging issue that has significant consequences on psycho-social well-being. The vaccines will have side effects; all medicines do. [63] National Youth Council of Ukraine (2020), . 2020: Measuring Well-being, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9870c393-en. Currently, less than half of OECD countries (44%) for which preliminary data is available (OECD, 2020[14]) have youth work strategies in place. [54] National Alliance of Student Organisations (2020), “Nu ne izolați de educație!”, https://www.anosr.ro/nu-ne-izolati-de-educatie/. [5] Gallup (2019), Gallup World Poll, https://www.gallup.com/analytics/232838/world-poll.aspx. Notes: In Finland the parliament receives long-term sustainability analysis from government and can also ask the IFI for additional long-term analysis if it wishes. if none of the above): 8. Miriam ALLAM, (✉ miriam.allam@oecd.org), Gamze IGRIOGLU, (✉ gamze.igrioglu@oecd.org). Two of the participants in clinical trials for Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine who had received dermal filler injections in the cheeks were reported to have developed facial swelling after receiving the vaccination. Note: Respondents were asked to indicate the extent to which your organisation is worried about the long-term impact of the COVID-19 crisis, on a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 is not worried at all and 5 is very worried. Please share a brief description of up to three initiatives that your organisation is implementing in response to the COVID-19 crisis (eg. The COVID-19 Brain How this virus attacks the brain and nerves still isn't totally clear, but researchers are increasingly focused on two primary mechanisms: one direct and the other indirect. For instance, 55 percent of children interviewed reported increased violence during the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014 (UN, 2020[18]). The learning loss that has occurred is likely to take an economic toll on societies in the form of diminished productivity and growth. Work on the drivers of trust further points to effective public institutions, policy outcomes, and government’s ability to deliver on the needs of their citizens as potential explanations for changes in trust (Bouckaert, 2012[39]). With two COVID-19 vaccines authorized for emergency use in the United States and more in development, vaccination efforts are well underway worldwide. Governance responses to build back better and deliver for all generations, Trust in governments and their response to the pandemic, Public governance for a fair recovery and resilience, Government-wide commitment for intergenerational justice, Institutional co-ordination to put words into action, Government strategies and youth resilience, 3. Young people can act as a “connective tissue” in public institutions, decision-making processes and public consultations to bridge short-term concerns and long-term objectives and build more fair and inclusive policy outcomes and societal resilience (OECD, 2018[69]). This suggests that COVID-19 is not universally driving mental-health distress. Overall, 85% of students reported at least one area was negatively impacted, with 81% reporting multiple areas being affected. [77] OECD Development Centre (2019), Risk and Resilience - OECD, https://www.oecd.org/development/conflict-fragility-resilience/risk-resilience/ (accessed on 2 May 2020). In the face of a loss or a drop in income, young people are more likely to fall into poverty, as they have fewer savings to fall back on (OECD, 2020[3]). Involving youth stakeholders from diverse backgrounds can rebuild trust, generate their interest in politics and integrate long-term considerations in crisis response and recovery strategies. through the repercussions of the crises on their family). [16] OECD (2019), Society at a Glance 2019: OECD Social Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/soc_glance-2019-en. In the context of ageing populations, considerations about intergenerational solidarity and justice have been permeating debates on social, fiscal and environmental policy in different policy areas long before the pandemic struck. The results of the survey aim to amplify the voices of young people. Governments can also apply an intergenerational lens to the COVID-19 recovery measures through national budgeting, performance reporting, and fiscal sustainability analysis more widely, also leveraging the expertise present in independent fiscal institutions (IFIs) (OECD, 2014[47]).9 For instance, the Slovak Council for Budget Responsibility (CBR) considers intergenerational justice in connection with the long-term sustainability of public finances (OECD, 2017[48]). To avoid exacerbating intergenerational inequalities and to involve young people in building societal resilience, governments need to anticipate the impact of mitigation and recovery measures across different age groups, by applying effective governance mechanisms. In your organisation's opinion, in which 3 areas will young people find it most challenging to mitigate the COVID-19 crisis? The International Youth Foundation (IYF) has launched the “Global Youth Resiliency Fund” to financially support initiatives from local and national youth organisations that aim at protecting human rights, unlocking access to livelihoods, and expanding access to reliable information (2020[64]). ← 9. In the context of COVID-19, these principles are preconditions to build back better. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Youth and COVID-19: Response, recovery and resilience, Youth and COVID‑19: Response, Recovery and Resilience, (Office of the Republic of Slovenia for Youth, 2020[42]), (National Alliance of Student Organisations, 2020[54]), (European Association for Local Democracy, 2020[55]), (Hayat Center for Civil Society Development (RASED), 2020[58]), (National Youth Council of Ukraine, 2020[63]). In addition, as illustrated by previous economic shocks, young people graduating in times of crisis will find it more difficult to find decent jobs and income, which are likely to delay their path to financial independence. [74] France, A. In line with the OECD Trust Framework (OECD, 2017[35]), the elements highlighted by survey respondents point to the importance of government’s responsiveness (e.g. It is worth noting that 35% of students seeking mental-health services report that COVID-19 did not negatively impact their mental health. Youth are more likely to use social media as their main source of news, which, according to a recent study, accounts for 88% of the misinformation related to the pandemic (Brennen, 2020[28]). These will be critical aspects of the student experience for colleges and universities to focus on in the coming months. In Denmark, youth-led organisations have collaborated with the national government in mitigating the crisis through the initiative “What can youth do under COVID-19” (Danish Youth Council, 2020[53]) and in Romania, youth have collaborated with government in the “Do not isolate yourself from education!” (National Alliance of Student Organisations, 2020[54]) campaign. Within the framework of the Global Initiative on Decent Jobs for Youth (DJY), the European Youth Forum (EYF) has launched a survey targeting young people worldwide about how the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted their lives. In a similar way, youth workers that engage young people (especially vulnerable groups) in non-formal education and out-of-school activities can be mobilised by governments in building up youth’s resilience. Institutions such as the Committee for the Future in Finland, the Parliamentary Advisory Council for Sustainable Development in Germany and the Future Generations Commissioner in Wales, among others, play an important role in scrutinising government action and increasing public awareness about the compliance of government action with intergenerational and other sustainability commitments. [55] European Association for Local Democracy (2020), , https://www.alda-europe.eu/newSite/lda_dett.php?id=20. While the financial crisis differs in numerous ways from the COVID-19 crisis, lessons learnt in the past can provide important insights to design recovery measures that do not leave young people behind. For young people, and especially for vulnerable youth, the COVID-19 crisis poses considerable risks in the fields of education, employment, mental health and disposable income. The figure also shows that trust in government did not change for 38% of youth organisations in OECD countries, neither positively nor negatively. [45] Wright, T. (2020), COVID-19 has greater impact on women advocates say, https://www.nationalobserver.com/2020/04/10/news/covid-19-has-greater-impact-women-advocates-say. Moreover, at the political level, the African Union Youth Envoy convened 12 virtual consultations with youth leaders from 40 African countries to amplify youth-led initiatives and consult young people for the recovery phase (2020[51]). Effects on Applications and Admissions “For new students, it’s going to be a mess. [39] Bouckaert, G. (2012), “Trust and public administration”, Administration, Vol. 60/1, pp. 91-115. the use of digital tools and data) to build resilience in societies against future shocks and disasters. [64] International Youth Foundation (2020), , https://www.iyfnet.org/blog/global-youth-resiliency-fund. Note: The OECD average excludes Korea and Switzerland due to incomplete time series. While on aggregate most youth organisations have expressed higher (or unchanged) levels of trust in government, this varies significantly across countries. The impact of COVID-19 on young people and vulnerable groups, Young people express concerns about the toll on mental health, employment, disposable income and education, Prospects for future well-being, international co-operation and solidarity are major concerns in the long-run, 2. [51] African Union (2020), “Virtual AU Youth Consultation Series”, https://auyouthenvoy.org/vaucs/#context. Some countries have already made commitments to include considerations on fairness and inclusiveness in measures to recover from the COVID-19 crisis. In general, these data points have consistently indicated that college student “mental health is worse” as a function of COVID-19, but the details of this relationship have been unclear, as has the path forward. Youth councils at subnational level are more common, as they are present in 27 OECD countries. Again using CCAPS scores for comparison, students who indicated that their “mental health” was negatively impacted by COVID-19 consistently reported higher levels of mental-health distress in all areas including depression, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, academic distress, eating concerns, hostility, alcohol use, and general distress symptoms. How Does Twitter Shape the Conversation around Covid-19? Governance tools can also help in allocating public resources for recovery in a fair manner across generations. Some of the innovative teaching and learning tools and delivery systems schools and teachers experimented with in response to the crisis may have a long-lasting impact on education systems. [53] Danish Youth Council (2020), “Corona info”. PTSD and Trauma/Bias, Discrimination, and Equity Expert commentaries on the global psychological impact of COVID-19 Two issues of Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy ® uncover the social and psychological effects of COVID-19 through over 100 commentaries from experts in 28 countries and six continents.. length school year compares to projections under two scenarios for the closures: a COVID-19 slide, in which students showed patterns of academic setbacks typical of summers throughout an extended closure and COVID-19 slowdown, in which students maintained … [66] European Student’s Union (2020), , https://www.esu-online.org/. [26] OECD (2020), Transparency, communication and trust: Responding to the wave of disinformation about the new Coronavirus, https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/en/. The effect of COVID-19 on the management of other diseases or illnesses cannot be ignored. Germany called for dialogue between Greece and Turkey on Wednesday and highlighted Berlin's role as a mediator between the NATO allies. Where thorough ex-ante assessments are not applied, governments could include sunset clauses and obligatory review clauses in recovery measures and regulations (OECD, 2020[44]). [47] OECD (2014), “Recommendation of the Council on Principles for Independent Fiscal Institutions”. [68] British Youth Council (2020), “Young people’s voices must not be ignored”, Tackling coronavirus (COVID-19) - Browse OECD contributions, © 2019 to plans covering economic sectors (such as the agricultural and tourism sectors). Conversely, students who enter services reporting no negative mental health impact from COVID-19 also have significant care needs that are more likely to linked to relationship and interpersonal concerns. Independent fiscal institutions exist in a majority of OECD countries. The scale of fiscal policy measures is likely to create long-lasting effects on society and the economy, which brings questions of intergenerational justice to the forefront. For instance, students from less well-off families are less likely to have access to digital learning resources and parental support for home learning (OECD, 2020[2]). The speed with which Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech developed their vaccines, coupled with the internet’s ability to spread rumors more quickly than the coronavirus itself, means many people have questions about how the vaccines work … (2020), Economic Policy Responses to a Pandemic: Developing the COVID-19 Economic Stimulus Index, COVID Economics, http://web.boun.edu.tr/elgin/COVID_19.pdf. ORIAS created the Global Views of COVID 19 webinar series to help teachers deepen their understanding of the unfolding pandemic. With the gradual transition of government responses from immediate crisis management to the implementation of recovery measures, several concerns are emerging, such as increasing levels of youth unemployment and the implications of rising debt for issues of intergenerational justice, as well as threats to the well-being of youth and future generations. Across the OECD, fiscal stimulus packages are estimated to amount to up to 20% of GDP in some countries in mid-April (Elgin, C. et al., 2020[31]). People of different ages, however, are experiencing its effects in different ways. Most recently, Ireland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Malta joined the appeal. [22] OECD (2020), Coronavirus school closures: What do they mean for student equity and inclusion?, https://oecdedutoday.com/coronavirus-school-closures-student-equity-inclusion/. An OECD study across 59 countries demonstrates that although most countries put in place alternative learning opportunities, just about half of the students were able to access all or most of the curriculum (OECD, 2020[20]). The elements highlighted in the figure summarise answers of survey respondents to an open question asking them to motivate the change in trust in government that they reported. The impact of COVID-19 has led to widespread concerns about its unique effects on college student’s mental health. While preliminary in nature, these results suggested that the relationship between COVID and college student mental health might be more nuanced than was being reported. The closure of schools and universities has affected more than 1.5 billion children and youth worldwide and has significantly changed how youth and children live and learn during the pandemic (UN, 2020[18]). Evidence from the beginning of the crisis demonstrates that young people (15-24) were the group that was most affected by the rise in unemployment between February and March (OECD, 2020[15]). COVID-19 is an emerging issue that has significant consequences on psycho-social well-being. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic 1.The strategies based on non-pharmaceutical interventions that were used to contain the outbreak in China appear to be effective 2, but quantitative research is still needed to assess the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical interventions and their timings 3. ← 8. [43] Government of Canada (2020), Canada’s COVID-19 Economic Response Plan, https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/economic-response-plan.html. Two months after contracting covid-19, CNN anchor Richard Quest is still experiencing the long tail of the virus, including a recurrent cough, serious fatigue and unexplained clumsiness. In the first, the virus cloaks itself and evades detection as it travels with precious nutrients across the blood-brain barrier and into the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord. [47] OECD (2014), “Recommendation of the Council on Principles for Independent Fiscal Institutions”, https://www.oecd.org/gov/budgeting/OECD-Recommendation-on-Principles-for-Independent-Fiscal-Institutions.pdf. Most governments decided to temporarily close educational institutions in an attempt to reduce the spread of COVID-19. In this regard, a survey was conducted on a large group of adolescents in Italy. These considerations are likely to gain further traction, as the repercussions unfold over the coming months and years. Jan. 26 (UPI) -- Two scholars who study cities explain why they think urban areas will endure the COVID-19 pandemic -- even if they don't get the … This paper is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. Illustration of a coronavirus created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The disruptive nature of the COVID-19 pandemic puts the ability of governments to act decisively and effectively under the public spotlight. As of 12 January 2021, approximately 825 million learners are currently affected due to school closures in response to the pandemic. the average socio-economic status of the students in the school) is in the bottom (top) quarter of the PISA index of economic, social and cultural status amongst all schools in the relevant country/economy. CLICC check all by "seeking services" item. The pandemic will leave the rich world deep in debt, and force some hard choices., https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/04/23/the-pandemic-will-leave-the-rich-world-deep-in-debt-and-force-some-hard-choices. The 2007-2008 financial crisis already left youth shouldering a significant share of the social and economic consequences as the number of youth not in employment, education or training (NEET) rose to 18% and the number of unemployed young people increased by 20%, leaving one in eight young people (aged 18-25) in poverty (OECD, 2019[7]).3 Being unemployed at a young age can have long-lasting “scarring effects”4 in terms of career paths and future earnings. The Finnish Council has also organised online press briefings targeting government officials to inform them on how to best support youth-led organisations amid the crisis (2020[61]). [54] National Alliance of Student Organisations (2020), “Nu ne izolați de educație!”. This could have long-term effects on these children’s long-term economic well-being and on the US economy as a whole. They also provided access to educational, peer-to-peer mental health advice and other programmes to support adolescents and young adults in confinement. [2] OECD (2020), Combatting COVID-19’s effect on children, https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/en/. The Bureau of Labor Statistics added questions to the Current Population Survey (CPS) to help gauge the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the labor market. Employers might also see early periods of unemployment as a sign that a young person is less productive or motivated. [35] OECD (2017), Trust and Public Policy: How Better Governance Can Help Rebuild Public Trust, OECD Public Governance Reviews, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264268920-en. [17] OECD (2015), OECD Employment Outlook 2015, OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/19991266 (accessed on 2 May 2020). Supplemental data measuring the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the labor market. At the same time, governments are likely to adjust numerous sectoral plans, from strategies covering public services (such as transportation, social services, urban planning etc.) Those side effects will be worse for some people than others, depending on their genetic inheritance, medical status, age, upbringing, current living conditions, and other factors. [14] OECD (2020), Global Report on Youth Empowerment and Intergenerational Justice, forthcoming. According to the IMF, countries around the world have approved more than USD 4.5 trillion worth of emergency measures as of early April (BBC, 2020[30]). In Germany and other countries, governments launched initiatives via their social media accounts to raise awareness for the importance of protecting particularly vulnerable groups, such as older people and people with pre-existing conditions, given the asymmetric exposure to health risks across age groups. I monitor these spaces by subscribing to the course ’ s discussion forum so that every time someone posts to the forum, I … TORONTO -- Newfoundland and Labrador reported 11 new cases of COVID-19 on Monday, the highest single-day increase for the province since April of … They were also asked to provide a link to the website of their organisation. Governments should adapt existing strategies and formulate new ones to ensure that the youth work sector is ready to deal with the fallouts of the COVID-19 crisis and address emerging areas such as digital youth work. The original letter was published on 9 April and signed by government representatives of Austria, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Sweden. [67] Y7 Representatives (2020), “Young delegates Y7 2020 Summit website”, https://www.ypfp.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Y7-COVID-Communique-FINAL-4.23.20.pdf. Due to COVID-19: 13% of students have delayed graduation, 40% lost a job, internship, or a job offer, and 29% expect to earn less at age 35. [11] E-Estonia (2020), “Innovation to combat the Covid-19 crisis”, https://e-estonia.com/innovation-to-combat-the-covid-19-crisis/. In numerous countries, including Germany, Ireland, Portugal and the UK, governments have provided and disseminated practical advice for parents as well as children and young people on how to cope at home during confinement. [13] OECD (2020), Use of Open Government Data in response to the coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak,, https://www.oecd.org/governance/use-of-open-government-data-to-address-covid19-outbreak.htm. Surveys of college students conducted after March 2020 have repeatedly suggested that psychological distress among college students has increased. "OECD" refers to the average response across 52 respondents based in OECD countries. The economic shock caused by the Covid-19 crisis also risks compounding existing inequalities between young people. "Non-OECD" refers to the average response across 29 respondents based in non-OECD countries. The impact of COVID-19 has led to widespread concerns about its unique effects on college students' mental health. Data is compared between 2007 and 2014. ← 4. Insights from PISA”, www.oecd.org/coronavirus/en/. France, Germany and Greece joined in the following two days. [46] The Treasury, N. (2019), “Our living standards framework”. Current evidence suggests that young people are less at-risk in terms of developing severe physical health symptoms linked to COVID-19 than older age cohorts (WHO, 2020[6]). [39] Bouckaert, G. (2012), “Trust and public administration”. (2020), PM PRAISED FOR ASKING CHILDREN TO HELP SOLVE CORONAVIRUS PROBLEMS, https://nltimes.nl/2020/05/20/pm-praised-asking-children-help-solve-coronavirus-problems. In 2018, young people reported the lowest level of trust in national governments compared to middle-aged and elderly citizens in most OECD countries for which data is available (OECD, 2019[36]). [38] Kantar (2020), G7 countries perceptions of COVID-19: Wave 2, https://www.kantar.com/-/media/project/kantar/global/articles/files/2020/kantar-g7-citizen-impact-covid-19-charts-and-methodology-17-april-2020.pdf. 12. Across OECD countries, more than one in ten 15-year olds from socio-economically disadvantaged schools do not have a quiet space to study at home nor an internet connection. Students who report this general negative mental health affect from the pandemic are suffering at much higher rates in almost all major areas of their lives, including distress levels. education programmes, employment opportunities, trainings, etc). The second strategy I use is to support communication between students. Building resilience and anti-fragility of public institutions and empowering young people should therefore be pursued in tandem. In addition to the impact on the availability of medicines and medical equipment discussed above, with overburdened hotlines and health care systems, patients in need of medical care for other critical, non-COVID-19 related issues may fall by the wayside. Despite the flexibility and commitment shown by schools and teachers in securing educational continuity during school closures, not all students have been able to consistently access education. The opinions expressed and the arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. As COVID-19 spread, businesses moved to remote operations or closed doors completely. Recent figures show that young people with no more than lower-secondary education are three times more likely to be NEET compared to those with a university degree (OECD, 2019[16]), which, in turn, takes a toll on future employment prospects and earnings (OECD, 2015[17]). [ 75 ] the Treasury,  T. ( 2020 ), “Young delegates Y7 2020 website”.: Embracing digital learning and online collaboration, https: //e-estonia.com/innovation-to-combat-the-covid-19-crisis/ ; https:.... Could do for young people find it most challenging to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 puts! Joined the appeal the ability of governments in delivering on intergenerational justice, forthcoming in. To drop out disseminated via networks of youth-led organisations have also been active in for. Also ask clinicians to provide a link to the government or specific ministries effects... About the physiological effects of the worst affected sectors and regions, and promoting social cohesion Campbell, 2020,! 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