AP Euro Model UN Scientific Revolution. It has been referred to as “the real origin both of the modern world and the modern mentality” … Suggestions. This revolution … THE Scientific Revolution, Chapter 16. ... AP EURO Scientific Revolution 2020.pdf. English scientist and author of works explaining the law of universal gravitation and means of measuring motion. Nice work! Earth was made up of four imperfect, changeable elements: air, … Homework: 1. The Scientific Revolution was a time of scientific questioning in which tremendous discoveries were made about the Earth. The Scientific Revolution contributed to the progress, reason, and fraternal aspects of the Enlightenment. A Greek philosopher who's thoughts were blindly accepted as truth for thousands of years. Three central concepts stand at the core of Enlightenment thinking: The methods of natural science could and should be used to examine and understand all aspects of life; reason (most important and original idea), The scientific method was capable of discovering the laws of human society as well as those of nature (social science), Progress—the creation of better societies and better people—is possible, The birth of social science led to progress, The Enlightenment had a profound impact on the thought and culture of the urban middle classes and aristocracy but did not hold much appeal for the urban poor and peasants, The time between the publication of Newton’s, Many writers made scientific thought understandable for the educated elite, Bernard de Fontenelle set out to make science witty and entertaining for a broad nonscientific audience and stressed the idea of progress (most famous and influential popularizer), Fontenelle and other writers of his generation were instrumental in bringing science into conflict with religion as opposed to seventeenth-century scientists who believed that their work exalted God, The crisis in European thought had its roots in several intellectual uncertainties and dissatisfactions, Demolition of Aristotelian-medieval science, Question of religious truth: skeptics such as Pierre Bayle asked if religious truth could ever be known with absolute certainty and concluded that nothing can ever be known beyond all doubt (, Rapidly growing travel literature on non-European lands and cultures: Europeans learned that other lands had their own different beliefs and customs --> changed their perspective --> ceased to look at truth and morality in absolute terms, Insisted that all ideas are derived from experience, The human mind at birth is like a blank tablet (, Philosophes’ work brought acceptance of the new Enlightenment ideas. Scientific Revolution: The switch in mindset from science being theology and philosophy to science being mathematical and quantifiable. New monarchies: a new form of monarchy emerged in Western Europe in the late fifteenth century, which, by engaging in state-building, laid the foundation for modern states (e.g., England, Spain, and France). Length: 5 days Lesson Plan. The Polish scientist who worked in the 1500s. Figures of Speech. (Due 12/10) 2. AP History - Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment: Help & Review Chapter Exam Instructions. 234342584: Aristotle: 384-322 B.C. There was a lot of bad stuff going on in Europe in the 17th century. i. since they contradict each other, which is right? Story of 3 people debating the univers system: Geocentric or Heliocentric. StudyNotes offers fast, free study tools for AP students. Scientific Revolution Voltaire wrote the satirical novella Candide and, despite controversy during his lifetime, is widely considered one of France's greatest Enlightenment writers. Always 100% free. Phone: 570-668-1901. Kavery1. By: Andrew Zelina, Seth Stromberg The Scientific Revolution caused literate common people to have a less literal meaning of the bible and church teachings due to new discoveries, philosophical ideas, and 16 Scientific Revolution and … Ap Euro Essay Revolution Questions Scientific Pdf. OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR. This led to the development of the scientific method. Catherine set out to rule in an enlightened manner; she had three goals: Tried to bring the sophisticated culture of western Europe to Russia: imported Western culture to Russia (people and art) and patronized the philosophes, Domestic reform: better laws (restricted the practice of torture, allowed limited religious tolerance, tried to improve education and strengthen local government), The nobility attained its most exalted position and serfdom entered its most oppressive phase: the uprising of serfs led by Emelian Pugachev stopped Catherine from reforming the system of serfdom and led her to give nobles absolute control of their serfs, Territorial expansion: partitioned Poland with Prussia and Austria, Maria Theresa of Austria introduced reforms that aimed to make Austria stronger and more efficient, Introduced measures aimed at limiting the papacy’s political influence, Strengthened the central bureaucracy, smoothed out provincial differences, and revamped the tax system, Sought to improve the lot of the agricultural population (cautiously reduced the power of lords over their hereditary serfs and their peasant tenants), Tenant – a person who occupies land or property rented from a landlord, Joseph II, Maria Theresa’s successor, was a dedicated reformer, Controlled the established Catholic church even more closely in an attempt to ensure that it produced better citizens, Granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews, Abolished serfdom and decreed that all peasant labor obligations be converted into cash payments, Rejected by the nobility and the peasants (peasants had a barter economy), Because of opposition from both the nobles and the peasants, Joseph’s reforms were cancelled in order to re-establish order, Some philosophes, such as Voltaire, believed that the king was the best source of reform while the aristocracy drew on thinkers such as Montesquieu to limit the king’s power, Favored by the regent duke of Orleans, the French nobility regained much of the power it had lost under Louis XIV after his death, Restored the right of the parlements to evaluate royal decrees publicly in writing before they were registered and given the force of law (counterweight to absolute power), Asserted that the king could not levy taxes without the Parlement of Paris’s consent, The French chancellor René de Maupeou began the restoration of royal absolutism under Louis XV, Abolished the existing parlements and exiled the members of the Parlement of Paris to the provinces, Established a new parlement of royal officials, Maupeou’s measures were responded to with widespread criticism; most philosophes and educated public opinion as a whole sided with the old parlements, These attacks on the monarchy ate away at the foundations of royal authority: presented the king as a loathsome degenerate as opposed to God’s ordained one, Louis XVI revoked Maupeou’s work and reinstated the old parlements when he came into power, The country drifted toward renewed financial crisis and political upheaval as a weakened but unreformed monarchy faced judicial opposition, The Overall Influence of the Enlightenment, In France, the rise of judicial and aristocratic opposition (combined with liberalism) caused a decline in the French monarch’s ability to govern in a truly absolutist manner, In eastern Europe, enlightened absolutism combined state building with the culture and critical thinking of the Enlightenment to expand the role of the state in the life of society. The Scientific Revolution (1550-1700) quiz that tests what you know about important details and events in the book. The three main areas are Intellec-tual and Cultural History, Political and Diplomatic History, and Social and Economic History. Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Notes and Discussion . Newton created calculus and his book explained it. It built on the foundation of the Scientific Revolution and took it a step further in an effort to apply scientific principles to society. Jacques Rousseau attacked rationalism and civilization; The cultural transformation brought on by the Enlightenment was related to a growth in the market for books (tenfold increase), Most of the new book buyers came from the middle classes, the clergy, and the aristocracy, Publishing in the fields of art and science grew the most, Majority of the new books were published outside of France and then smuggled in because of France’s censorship policies, All of this resulted in a new emphasis on individual and private reading (a “reading revolution”), Philosophes and the public resorted to discussion and social interchange in order to get around censorship; Enlightenment ideas—including new ideas about women’s rights—were spread in the, The salons were often presided over by women but attracted a wide range of men, One of the most famous salons was that of Madame Geoffrin, the unofficial godmother of the Encyclopedia (gave the encyclopedists financial aid), These salons seemed to have functioned as informal “schools” for women, A diverse, educated public could debate issues and form its own ideas (, The salons united members of the intellectual, economic, and social elites, The philosophes believed that a benevolent absolutism offered the best opportunities for improving society, Necessary to educate and “enlighten” the monarch, who could then make good laws and promote human happiness (, Enlightenment thinkers turned toward rulers because rulers seemed to be listening, treating them with respect, and seeking their advice, The philosophes distrusted “the people” and believe they were deluded by superstitions, Frederick II used the War of the Austrian Succession to expand Prussia into a great power by seizing Silesia from Austrian ruler Maria Theresa, The Seven Years’ War saw a failed attempt by Maria Theresa, with the help of France and Russia, to regain Silesia, The Seven Years’ War brought Frederick to consider how more humane policies for his subjects might also strengthen his state, Allowed freedom in religious and philosophical matters, Promoted education: advancement of knowledge, improvement of his country’s schools, allowance of scholars to publish their findings, Legal reform: laws were simplified, torture of prisoners was abolished, judges decided cases quickly and impartially, Prussian officials became famous for their hard work and honesty, Economic growth: promoted the reconstruction of agriculture and industry, Frederick’s dedication to high-minded government did not extend to the conditions of the serfs and oppressed Jews. Scientific Thought in 1500. Choose your answers to the questions and click 'Next' to see the next set of questions. The Enlightenment reached its highest development in France for three reasons: French was the international language of the educated classes in Europe, whose education came from French tutors supporting Enlightenment ideas, Intellectual radicals in France did not face the overwhelming restraints found in eastern Europe, The philosophes were committed to reaching and influencing all the European elites, or, The public was quite different from the great majority of the population, which was known as the common people, or simply “the people”, Philosophes could not write as freely as they wished because it was illegal in France to openly criticize either church or state --> used different genres of literature filled with satire and double meanings to spread their message to the public, One of the greatest philosophes was the baron de Montesquieu, The most famous and representative philosophe was Voltaire (François Marie Arouet), Due to early-life experiences, he struggled against legal injustice and unequal treatment before the law, Influenced by his long-time companion Madame du Châtelet, Studied physics and mathematics and published scientific articles and translations, Discriminated against because of her gender --> became uncertain of her ability to make scientific discoveries --> concentrated on spreading the ideas of others, Her translation with an accompanying commentary of Newton’s, Did not believe in social and economic equality, Challenged the Catholic church and Christian theology; believed in a distant, deistic God and hated religious intolerance, Greatest and most representative intellectual achievement was the seventeen-volume, Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d’Alembert edited the Encyclopedia, Examined all of human knowledge and attempted to teach people how to think critically and objectively, Summed up the new world-view of the Enlightenment, Thinkers began to seek originality by exaggerating certain Enlightenment ideas to the exclusion of others as the new world-view became increasingly accepted by the educated public; built rigid and dogmatic systems, Baron Paul d’Holbach argued that humans were completely controlled by outside forces in his, David Hume argued that our reason cannot tell us anything about questions that cannot be verified by sense experience (in the form of controlled experiments or mathematics) since our ideas ultimately reflect on our sense experiences, Marie-Jean Caritat, the marquis de Condorcet, transformed the Enlightenment belief in gradual, hard-won progress into fanciful utopianism. The Advanced Placement (AP) ... as well as the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment. ii. APEuro HH 11 16 2020. Kavery1. 500 Penn Street, Tamaqua, PA 18252. Written by Kepler form 1609-1619. AP Euro – Chapter 14 Scientific Revolution Skits Notes Author: User Last modified by: Fujitsu Created Date: 12/29/2009 1:17:00 AM Company: GUSD Other titles: AP Euro – Chapter 14 Scientific Revolution Skits Notes Fax: 570-668-2970. Use up and down arrows to … View Notes - AP Euro_Scientific Revolution Notes from HISTORY AP Europea at Alameda High. How did common people view religion after the Scientific Revolution? A German astronomer (1571-1630) discovered that to keep the sun at the center of things, he had to abandon the circular components of Copernicus's model and instead set forth the first astronomical model showing the orbits as elliptical. Click Here to access the source; 2. Examples of responses to Part A that would earn credit: • Copernicus’s heliocentric view of the … English physician who used lab experiments to study the circulation of blood and its flow through arteries and veins as well as the heart. Subjects. The fourth unit in my AP European History course focuses on the transition toward a more scientific mindset in early modern Europe as a result of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment. 175 terms. Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Notes and Discussion.